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CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Vol 24, 351-360, Copyright © 1974 by American Cancer Society

Chemical Carcinogenesis

¹ Professor of Pathology and Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Chemical carcinogens are the major culprit in the causation of human cancers.

Great progress has been made in understanding the activation of chemical carcinogens and their interaction with cell constituents, especially DNA. One aim of this review has been to emphasize the importance of the sequence of steps from initiation to clinical cancer. Carcinogenesis is a dynamic process, influenced by many independent and still poorly defined variables. Although initial molecular changes are irreversible, they may remain unexpressed in the absence of co-operative conditions. Shifts in these conditions can modify the course of carcinogenesis and account for unusual accelerations, inhibitions or even reversions of the transforming process. Clearly, chemical carcinogenesis deserves great attention in future research on the prevention and control of cancer.