CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Vol 32, 226-230, Copyright
© 1982 by American Cancer Society
Mammography 1982: A Statement of the American Cancer Society
There is general agreement that the earlier breast cancers are detected and treated, the greater the likelihood that more women will be cured. There is also general agreement that early detection involves several basic principles:
1. Advancing age is the most important risk factor. Most breast cancers occur in women over the age of 50. In this age group. there is definitive proof that screening for breast cancer lowered the death rate by 30 percent and that mammography and physical examination of the breast accounted for the reduction. It is imperative that screening using both modalities become a routine part of an annual medical examination of women over the age of 50 whenever feasible.
2. Since the symptomatic woman with a dominant mass or persistent discomfort. nipple discharge, or other symptoms and findings may have breast cancer, all such women should have a thorough breast examination including mammography and any other diagnostic study needed to determine if cancer is present.
3. Under all circumstances the mammographic technique used should produce the greatest possible detail and resolution. with the lowest amount of radiation needed to provide high-quality images. Mammography should be performed and interpreted by experienced, well-trained individuals using modern, carefully monitored equipment and thorough physical examinations. Techniques should be changed as new knowledge and improved technology warrant.
4. Physicians must be aware of the limitations of mammography and should remember that the x-ray study of the breast is a complementary procedure and most valuable ally in evaluating a breast problem. When physical examination reveals findings sufficient to advise biopsy, a biopsy should be performed, even in the presence of a mammogram described as normal.
The American Cancer Society believes that each physician must balance the anticipated benefits and the potential risks of mammography in assessing the use of mammography for the individual woman. Just as it is important to avoid needless risks, it is imperative to avoid needless cancer deaths due to delayed diagnosis and an unreasonable fear of mammography. The medical profession and the public must recognize that the proper application of mammography can save lives.
