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1Associate Professor of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
2Chair and Alumni Professor, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Medical College, Philadelphia, PA
3Full Member, Program in Biostatistics and Biomathematics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
4Chairman and Professor, Department of Urology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
5Chair, Division of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Professor of Radiation Oncology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
6Professor, Department of General Internal Medicine, Ambulatory Treatment and Emergency Care, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
7Director, Prostate and Colorectal Cancers, Cancer Control Science Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
8Doctoral Candidate, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
9Doctoral Candidate, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA
10Research Associate, Cancer Control Science Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
Epidemiologist, Surveillance and Health Policy Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
Director, Cancer Screening, Cancer Control Science Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
Head of the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland, and Research Fellow at the Community Prevention Unit, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
Corresponding author: Durado D. Brooks, MD, MPH, Prostate and Colorectal Cancers, Cancer Control Science Department, American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street, Atlanta, GA 30303; durado.brooks{at}cancer.org
To earn free CME credit or nursing contact hours for successfully completing the online quiz based on this article, go to http://CME.AmCancerSoc.org.
DISCLOSURES: Members of the American Cancer Society Prostate Cancer Advisory Committee were asked to disclose relationships, including potential financial conflicts of interest. The following was disclosed: G. Chodak has served on the advisory board for Watson Pharmaceuticals and Ferring Pharmaceuticals; V. Simons has served as a consultant to the State of New Jersey Office of Cancer Control and Prevention for their Cancer Education and Early Detection program, has served as co-investigator to various university-based research studies on reaching African American men to promote disease risk awareness and/or early detection, and is the recipient of educational grants from AstraZeneca, Sanofi-Aventis, GTx, Genentech, and Abbott Oncology for a Patient/Professional Symposium Educational Program (see Form 990 at http://www.guidestar.org for more information); I. Thompson has served as a consultant to Mission Pharmacal and to Veridex for a new biomarker that is being tested for future application to the FDA for detection of prostate cancer. All revenues from this consultancy are transmitted to the University of Texas Health Science Center. He has also received grant support from the Early Detection Research Network, NCl. No other potential conflicts relevant to this article were reported.
In 2009, the American Cancer Society (ACS) Prostate Cancer Advisory Committee began the process of a complete update of recommendations for early prostate cancer detection. A series of systematic evidence reviews was conducted focusing on evidence related to the early detection of prostate cancer, test performance, harms of therapy for localized prostate cancer, and shared and informed decision making in prostate cancer screening. The results of the systematic reviews were evaluated by the ACS Prostate Cancer Advisory Committee, and deliberations about the evidence occurred at committee meetings and during conference calls. On the basis of the evidence and a consensus process, the Prostate Cancer Advisory Committee developed the guideline, and a writing committee drafted a guideline document that was circulated to the entire committee for review and revision. The document was then circulated to peer reviewers for feedback, and finally to the ACS Mission Outcomes Committee and the ACS Board of Directors for approval. The ACS recommends that asymptomatic men who have at least a 10-year life expectancy have an opportunity to make an informed decision with their health care provider about screening for prostate cancer after they receive information about the uncertainties, risks, and potential benefits associated with prostate cancer screening. Prostate cancer screening should not occur without an informed decision-making process. Men at average risk should receive this information beginning at age 50 years. Men in higher risk groups should receive this information before age 50 years. Men should either receive this information directly from their health care providers or be referred to reliable and culturally appropriate sources. Patient decision aids are helpful in preparing men to make a decision whether to be tested. CA Cancer J Clin 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society, Inc.
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